3. SOCIETAL ASPECTS AND IMPACTS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Topics: Scientific Research Community, Complexity of Engineering,Design and Invention and Scientists.

Preview:

Let us define first sociology.Sociology is the study of society and the interaction of people within the society. These topics helps us know how science affects the society.

Scientific Research Community is made up of those people who has career in science.They are defined as network,field and profession.

Engineering begins with a desire and their plans would make this desire to become visible. Engineers needs to be equipped with vast ideas and information in order for them to create effective plans. There are components of engineering and these are:

1. Engineers was driven most in industrial works and process.
2. Engineering was divided into sub fields. Such as: Civil Engineering, Mechanical Engineering etc.
3. Engineers has their intellectual disciplines and entity of responsibilities they served.
4. Engineering was known for their products.

Archer wrote that:

“Design is that area of human experience, skill and knowledge which is concerned with man’s ability to mold his environment to suit his material and spiritual needs.” 

During the inter-war years the Bauhaus movement attempted to knit the design process into a coherent whole in that students were encouraged to study design in a way that was both total and detailed. 

An invention is a creation of the mind, and both the process to arrive at this creation or the capability to create it are referred to as invention. An invention is also supposed to be new, although it is unspecified for whom. An invention is a novel device, material, or technique. 

We infer from the above that there are three phases that play a role in the colloquial meaning of invention:

1.

The capability or skill to invent.

2.

The act or process of invention.

3.

The outcome of this process.

 Diagram of invention:

Concept-----Invention-----Innovation

A list of the top 10 scientists of all time.

1. Sir Isaac Newton. Discovered laws of gravity and motion. Made investigations into a whole range of subjects maths, optics, physics, and astronomy
2. Louis Pasteur. Probably saved more lives than any other person. Contributed greatly towards the advancement of medical sciences developing cures for rabies, anthrax and other infectious diseases. Also enabled process of pasteurization to make milk safer to drink
3. Galileo. Using first modern telescope, Galileo revolutionized our understanding of the world successfully proving the earth revolved around the sun and not the other way around.
4. Marie Curie. Discovered radiation and helped to apply it in the field of X ray.
5. Albert Einstein. Revolutionized physics with his theories of quantum physics. Lay framework for atomic energy.
6. Charles Darwin. Developed theory of evolution against a backdrop of disbelief and skepticism. Collected evidence over 20 years.
7. Emil Fisher - The outstanding chemist of the modern age. Synthesized many products to show their constituent parts.
8. Nikola Tesla - Work on electro-magnetism and AC current. Credited with many patents from electricity to radio transmission
9. Sir Jagadish Chandra Bose. Great Bengali scientist who made important contributions in the field of radio and microwave technology. Also showed how sap in a plant rose.
10. Aristotle. Great early Greek scientist who made many researches in the natural sciences including botany, zoology, physics, astronomy, chemistry, and meteorology, geometry

Narrative/ Things I learned

I am  the reporter for the first three topics. I find it hard to researched for these topics and relate it with my course because of the topics about engineering. I was glad that by studying these topics I learned deeper about the nature of science and the effects of engineering field in terms of design and invention. In the diagram of invention, I learned that every big things comes from small things which means that every invention comes from a vast concept. From the idea or concept it becomes visible which resulted for a new invention and the application of the new invented material is what we called innovation.

My group mate reported the last topic about scientists and their influences. Its a nice thing to know that these scientists contributed major ideas that affects the vast development in science in their different fields.

We prepared activities and we present our report in a power point presentation manner. Although there are many errors occurred at least we've done our job well.

 Source/s;

" Complexity of Engineering" (book) by: James Adams 

wikipedia.com